How To Use Crinoid In A Sentence
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In these, as in the Crinoids, the interambulacral plates are absent, and the interambulacral spaces are filled by an encroachment of the ab-oral region upon them.
The Atlantic Monthly, Volume 10, No. 57, July, 1862
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A typical marine community consisted of these animals, plus red and green algae, primitive fish, cephalopods, corals, crinoids, and gastropods.
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This analysis is a first step in reconstructing the details of possible evolutionary relationships among primitive cladid crinoids.
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The presence of other specialized benthos at the crinoid-bearing localities indicates that the ocean bottom locally was not fully anoxic.
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In eastern Mongolia late Permian marine sediments with brachiopods, crinoids and Bryozoa and Triassic marine sediments with ammonites occur in the suture zone, indicating that marine conditions existed during these times.
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Recent crinoids are passive suspension feeders on microscopic plant and animal plankton and organic detritus by means of the tubefeet of the water vascular system in their arms and pinnules.
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This stalked crinoid lacks arms, has a disc-shaped aboral cup that is at least five times wider than high, and has the anal opening in the aboral cup.
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Later Paleozoic seas were dominated by crinoid and blastoid echinoderms, articulate brachiopods, graptolites, and tabulate and rugose corals.
Paleozoic
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The Permian extinction, 244 million years ago, devastated the marine biota: tabulate and rugose corals, blastoid echinoderms, graptolites, and most crinoids died out, as did the last of the trilobites.
Paleozoic
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The fossil content consists of ammonites, belemnites, brachiopods, echinoderms, bivalves, crinoids, gastropods, ostracodes and benthic foraminifers.
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The pattern of proximal axes being more aborally inclined than are distal axes is similar to that in C axes of crinoid calyx plates.
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In consequence of the peculiar method of growth, the crinoids often escape the damage done by the disturbance of the bottom, and thus form limestone beds of remarkable thickness; sometimes, indeed, we find these layers composed mainly of crinoidal remains, which exhibit only slight traces of partings such as we have described, being essentially united for the depth of ten or twenty feet.
Outlines of the Earth's History A Popular Study in Physiography
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Fairy basslets and sweepers hover over a plate coral decorated with feeding featherstar crinoids in Milne Bay, Papua New Guinea.
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Many crinoids are primarily nocturnal but they are seen during the day with their arms rolled up. living fossil existing virtually unchanged from the ancestors in the geologic age known as the Ordovician Period, but there are many more fossils formed from the Paleozoic Era.
CreationWiki - Recent changes [en]
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Later eocrinoids evolved a long stalk with columnals, like crinoids and blastoids.
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In feeding, the arms of crinoids can be arranged in several ways.
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Mladenov also observed a crinoid arm in the claw of the crab Oregonia gracilis.
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Echinoid and crinoid fragments are preserved on a number of bedding planes, indicating normal salinity levels.
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Twentieth century crinoid studies are divisible into four periods.
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Some, like many starfish, are predators; holothurians, sand dollars, and ophiuroids often feed on detritus; crinoids are filter-feeders; sea urchins scrape algae from rocks.
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This subkingdom comprises at present such familiar forms as the crinoid, the starfish, and the sea urchin.
The Elements of Geology
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The invertebrate fauna includes many planktonic forms, particularly jellyfish and the stemless crinoid Saccoma, and also nektonic organisms such as cephalopods.
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Aided by currents, the Haven has attracted all the filter-feeding creatures such as crinoids and ascidians, and there are plenty of holes to be occupied.
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It's in realtime, meaning the little critter is walking along at a fairly brisk pace (for a crinoid, that is).
2005 October - Telic Thoughts
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In addition to abundant crinoids, a diverse invertebrate and vertebrate fauna is contained within the Muldraugh.
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The Haight Creek is primarily composed of dolomitic mudstones and wackestones with abundant chert interbeds and thin, discontinuous crinoidal packstones.
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Echinoderms are also not microscopic, except for their larvae; they range from a few millimeters to a few decimeters in size, although the stalks of some crinoids could reach a length of over a meter.
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Zoophyta, polyparia, crinoidea, conchifera, and crustacea, {60} are the orders of the animal kingdom thus found in the earliest of earth's sepulchres.
Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation
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The Graphic mine in the same district is known for smithsonite replacements after crinoid stems and mollusk shells.
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Grainy rocks in the upper third contain an abundance of disarticulated crinoid debris.
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It is highly unlikely that it would BE a fossil "crinoid" for the simple a priori reason that Martian flora and fuana assuming they existed would necessarily have followed a completely separate course of evolution from earth species.
Posthuman Blues
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In unstalked crinoids, the cirri are located on the end of the calyx opposite the mouth, and are used by the animal to grasp the substratum.
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The crinoid is a marine creature whose anus is located next to its mouth.
Archive 2009-11-01
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However, in the northeastern area of the outcrop, only the lowermost 0-2 m consist of calcareous sandstone, with oolites, biothermal limestones and crinoidal limestones characterizing the remainder.
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It should have required less energy for the crinoid to regenerate the damaged pinnules than to regenerate a lost or damaged tegmen containing part of the gut tract.
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Fish teeth are very rare; a few crinoidal stems and bryozoans have been found near the top.
Transactions of the American Philosophical Society
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The fossil content consists of ammonites, belemnites, brachiopods, echinoderms, bivalves, crinoids, gastropods, ostracodes and benthic foraminifers.
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So I used the last dive of the day to shoot several reef scenes of crinoids sitting among soft corals and gorgonians, and a pair of yellow ghost pipefish.
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We have interpreted it as a synapomorphy for asteroids, ophiuroids, echinoids, and holothuroids, to the exclusion of the crinoids.
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Some deep-sea crinoids have a third body portion, the stalk.
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Most fossil crinoids have the main visceral body raised above the sea floor by a stem, also called a stalk or column.
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Understanding this faunal record is quite important, because crinoidal facies were a dominant lithofacies along the western margin of North America during the Lower Mississippian.
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Unlike the situation with gastropods, sublethal damage is relatively easy to interpret in ophiuroids and crinoids.
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Equally well represented in these waters are invertebrates such as crinoids, nudibranchs and featherduster worms.
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The carbonate products are made up of oolitic grains, oolitic gravels, benthic foraminifers and crinoid ossicles, in decreasing order of abundance.
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Echinoderms are also not microscopic, except for their larvae; they range from a few millimeters to a few decimeters in size, although the stalks of some crinoids could reach a length of over a meter.
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Recent crinoids are passive suspension feeders on microscopic plant and animal plankton and organic detritus by means of the tubefeet of the water vascular system in their arms and pinnules.
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In fact, crinoids, holothurians, and ophiuroids rule the floor of the deep oceans at depths below 500 metres.
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Exposed to decay processes, crinoids of these groups had differing resistance to disarticulation; from most to least resistant, camerates, disparids, cladids, and flexibles.
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Most of the sphinctozoans and crinoid stems are found almost complete and articulated, lying parallel to bedding.
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Commonly, the host is a brachiopod, but it may be a coral, bryozoan colony, crinoid stem, or mollusk.
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Although very few crinoid calyxes were encountered in the samples, columnals were ubiquitous and provided the basis for identification of crinoid genera.
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The entire fauna is typically shallow-marine, composed of crinoids, brachiopods, corals, and bryozoans.
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Interspersed among the archaeocidarids are three less common echinoid species as well as occasional crinoids, brachiopods, bryozoans, and rare edrioasteroids and asterozoans.
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Crinoid remains have also been identified in the fecal remains of Recent and fossil fish.
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The invasion was not limited to brachiopods but also included bryozoans, cephalopods, corals, bivalves, gastropods, trilobites, and crinoids.
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Behind this woven blanket lay a wall packed with life - large sunstars with dozens of arms, crinoids, sea cucumbers and basketstars, small as your palm in purple and neon orange.
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Furthermore, physical damage was not an important cause of arm injury when the ophiuroids and crinoids were alive in the late Eocene.
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Hans perhaps is best known for his work on crinoids and ophiuroids, but he has many titles on asteroids, echinoids, and holothurians as well.
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Such a scenario would be consistent with the fact that Recent crinoids serve as substrate for a large variety of organisms, including annelids, arthropods, gastropods, fish, ophiuroids, and polychaetes.
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Both of these monocyclic crinoids have very few plates in the aboral cup.
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Many small fish, including juvenile fairy basslets and damselfish, retreat into crinoid arms when bigger fish appear.
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Alpha taxonomy must still play a vital role in the crinoid research agenda.
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It is highly unlikely that it would BE a fossil "crinoid" for the simple a priori reason that Martian flora and fuana assuming they existed would necessarily have followed a completely separate course of evolution from earth species.
Posthuman Blues
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Among these are large numbers of invertebrate fossils, including bryozoans and brachiopods located in the Calville limestone of the Grand Wash Cliffs, and brachiopods, pelecypods, fenestrate bryozoa, and crinoid ossicles in the Toroweap and Kaibab formations of Whitmore Canyon.
Proclamation On The Grand Canyon Parashant National Monument
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The calcitic ossicles of crinoids, as is typical of echinoderms, form an internal skeleton that provides support and protection.
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The fauna is dominated by common fenestrate bryozoans and crinoid ossicles.
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Yes | No | Report from crinoid wrote 6 days 21 hours ago
Why I Hate the Booth Babe Story, a Guest Editorial by Holly A.
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Marine reptiles and echinoderm crinoid that feature intact and delicate preservation and large quantity serve as the mark.
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They include bivalves, brachiopods, bryozoans, crinoids, gastropods, a possible monoplacophoran, nautiloids and a possible serpulid or microconchid.
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The crinoids and the belemnites and the corals behaved similarly.
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Clearly, the late Eocene ophiuroids and crinoids experienced little physical damage and limited predation pressure.
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A search for "crinoid" on that list will bring up other follow-ups.
Posthuman Blues
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In most extant crinoids, primarily the shallow-water ones, there are two body regions, the calyx and the rays.
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Because R. kirbyi also possesses the longest stalk in the fauna, it is likely that the crown of adult specimens was elevated above those of all other crinoids.
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Crinoids are gonochoric and brood their young until the embryo develops into a doliolarian larva or a fully formed juvenile crinoid.
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The echinoderms appear to be particularly abundant in an interval up to 0.5 m below a 25-30 cm ledge-forming crinoidal grainstone with small micritic bioherms.
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I could also see large marine isopods, looking like giant marine slaters, and some flower-like sea lilies (crinoids, a group of echinoderms related to starfishes).
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Lithologically, the most abundant carbonate rock type is an argillaceous, coarse-grained crinoidal packstone, but finer grained packstones, grainstones, calcareous siltstones, and shales are also present.
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Regardless of the distribution of rock outcrops, however, all stalked crinoids and most dense ophiuroid populations now live only in deep, offshore habitats.
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A very productive synergism developed among crinoid biologists, crinoid paleontologists, and those who worked in both fields.
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Fishelson and Nichols observed fish targeting organisms sheltering in the arms and pinnules of living crinoids.
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In the interior the Mississippian is composed chiefly of limestones, with some shales, which tell of a clear, warm, epicontinental sea swarming with crinoids, corals, and shells, and occasionally clouded with silt from the land.
The Elements of Geology
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Gogia is an eocrinoid, a member of a grouping of early echinoderms that probably included the ancestors of true crinoids and other echinoderm taxa.
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The calcitic ossicles of crinoids, as is typical of echinoderms, form an internal skeleton that provides support and protection.
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Re “The crinoid would have to be buried in a marine environment; the sediment would have to lithify and turn to chert SiO2; then be weathered and a chert fragment swallowed by a dinosaur; …”
Plesiosaur poop! - The Panda's Thumb
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For a detailed commentary that I did at the time in response to Hoagland's article on the alleged "crinoid," see this posting on the Yahoo Cydonia list:
Posthuman Blues
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Recent fieldwork strongly indicates that these crinoidal deposits should be considered a discrete unit.
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The crinoid would have to be buried in a marine environment; the sediment would have to lithify and turn to chert SiO2; then be weathered and a chert fragment swallowed by a dinosaur; and then the hard chert had to be rounded and polished in the dinosaur’s digestive system.
Plesiosaur poop! - The Panda's Thumb
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Their relative inedibility and dense network of arms and pinnules makes crinoids attractive to commensals - organisms which benefit from close association with a host - and other small animals that wish to hide from predators.
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Ergo, on the face of it, fossil or no fossil, definitely NOT a "crinoid," agreed.
Posthuman Blues
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At Bayeux, the type district, they are ferruginous oolites; in the Jura and Lorraine a coral limestone overlies a crinoidal variety; calcareous sandy and marly beds occur in Maine and Anjou; in
Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 3, Part 1, Slice 2 "Baconthorpe" to "Bankruptcy"
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This could well be applicable to to the ligamental articulations of fossil crinoids.
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A community of cryptobionts that included sphinctozoan sponges, bryozoans, crinoids, brachiopods, and corals occupied resulting crypts.
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Crinoids, together with brachiopods, dominated the Paleozoic sessile benthos.
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Continued work on crinoids in the 21st century promises to provide significant advances both for understanding the evolutionary history of crinoids and for understanding the history of epifaunal benthic communities through time.
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Most fossil crinoids have the main visceral body raised above the sea floor by a stem, also called a stalk or column.
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Commonly, the host is a brachiopod, but it may be a coral, bryozoan colony, crinoid stem, or mollusk.
