How To Use Kinetochore In A Sentence
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We now believe that proteins in a structure called the kinetochore are among the most sensitive to degradation or mutation.
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This force increases the efficiency with which chromosomes make bipolar spindle attachments and regulates kinetochore activities necessary for chromosome oscillation, but is not essential for chromosome congression.
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Chromosome loss may be the result of either non-attachment of the chromosome kinetochore to the spindle microtubules or chromosome lagging at anaphase and gives rise to a micronucleus.
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Kinetochore microtubule bundles link sister chromosomes to the poles.
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The initial study of centromere coupling reported that in chromosome spreads exhibiting centromere coupling, Zip1 foci and kinetochore pairs occur in approximately equal numbers (about sixteen) and exhibit a high level of co-localization
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A second checkpoint pathway, the spindle checkpoint, operates at a similar point in meiosis, preventing progression into anaphase if the spindle apparatus fails to connect appropriately with kinetochores.
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Second, the centromere is the focus for the formation of the kinetochore, where microtubules connect to the chromosomes during anaphase in mitosis and meiosis.
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Spindle fibers, composed of microtubules, have attached to the sister pairs of chromosomes at their point of attachment the kinetochore, or centromere.
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The spindle assembly checkpoint pathway is necessary for high-fidelity chromosome transmission in cells in which the spindle or kinetochores are compromised in some way.
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Kinetochore proteins bind to a microtubule spindle to keep chromosomes segregated during cell division.
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These complexes become attached to some of the spindle microtubules, which are then termed kinetochore microtubules.
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The DNA is asymmetrically distributed to the daughter cells when the kinetochores do not attach and the spindle checkpoint does not restrain mitosis.
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They form a connection between the starting point in the chromosomes , the kinetochore, and the centrosome.
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This classification method uses anti-kinetochore antibody staining to identify the presence of kinetochore protein associated with the centromeres of chromosomes or its absence from acentric chromosome fragments.
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In metaphase, sister kinetochores attach to microtubules emanating from opposite spindle pole bodies during alignment of the chromosomes.
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It was assumed that each kinetochore remained attached to the tip of its microtubule throughout the duration of the simulation.
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Overlaid onto these signals that promote orchestrated cell division are checkpoints that ensure appropriate mitotic spindle formation, a lack of DNA damage, kinetochore attachment, and that each daughter cell has the appropriate complement of DNA.
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The presence of a kinetochore spot indicates the centromere region of each chromosome.
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This cohesion or ‘chiasma binder’ function ensures the generation of a bipolar spindle in which tension is generated at the kinetochores.
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During meiosis, fibres called microtubules attach themselves to the centre kinetochore of the chromosomes.
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The kinetochore protein Mtw1 was epitope-tagged, allowing us to score the number of kinetochore foci in spread nuclei.
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- Perhaps the most recognizable phase of mitosis is termed metaphase, a stage where the chromosomes, attached to the kinetochore microtubules, begin to align in a single plane (known as the metaphase plate) midway between the spindle poles (see Figure 1 (c)).
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